Authors

Discussion

Using a qualitative case study approach, this research examines the societal factors in Slovakia that contribute to its receptivity to pro-Russian disinformation.  The study synthesises themes from interviews with 21 subject matter experts in disinformation in Slovakia and a structured literature review.  The study finds that Slovakia’s relatively high receptivity to disinformation compared to many other countries within Central and Eastern Europe may be tied to problematic state relations and trust, a lack of education and media literacy, and strong pro-Russian sentiments.  Given that the current Slovak government participates in and benefits from pro-Russian disinformation, it is unlikely to build institutional programs and policies against it.  However, at the local level, Slovak school curriculum is under reform to improve critical thinking and improve information use.  In addition, the EU is working to better regulate social media use for teenagers.  Short of government efforts to improve societal resilience and provide a clear stance on Russian relations, the combination of improved education and better social media regulation may contribute to a generational shift toward Slovakia’s increased resilience to pro-Russian disinformation.